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Tonight: What is Gender?

Tonight for our Bible study we’ll continue the series we began last week.

This week Josh Nelson will take us through a scriptural look at what gender is, and the conclusions we can draw from questions like, “Why would God even make ‘male’ and ‘female’?”

And in case you’re wondering, we’re not in the park tonight…we’re at our regular place.

Pleasing People and Pleasing God

(This is part two of a series of thoughts from Elisabeth Elliot on the Christian life. For the introduction to the series, see the first post.)

How does a Christian live “above reproach” in a world where there are different ideas about what God requires of us? Elisabeth Elliot’s observations of life among the Huaorani people (whom she refers to by term “Aucas”) of Ecuador give us some stimulating food for thought:

If it is a difficult thing to live above reproach in one’s society where values are judged at least similarly, how much more difficult it is in another culture.

Each society has its own way of expressing itself, and what looks like sin in one context may look like virtue in another. The Aucas were convinced, for reasons they themselves could not give, that outsiders were cannibals. Quite naturally, then, they were prepared to interpret the behavior of any outsider they might meet as characteristic of a cannibal. When five missionary men met the Aucas on a sand strip of the Curaray River, they tried in every way they knew to show the Indians that they were friendly. One of the missionaries put his arm around an Auca man, a gesture which to us cannot be understood in any way other than friendliness.

Years later I learned from the Aucas themselves that they had taken this to be proof of the foreigner’s being a cannibal. It was a gesture that had no meaning for an Auca, and therefore must be a gesture common to cannibals.

What looks like love to us looked like hostility to the Aucas.

Jesus’ love for common men led Him to eat and drink with them, and for this He was called a glutton and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners.

“To the pure, all things are pure.” Clearly, it is not possible to behave in a way which would be understood by all, let alone accepted by all. God alone, who is above all and in us all, judges rightly, and therefore it is before Him that we stand or fall.

A sincere attempt to discover ways in which I might guide the Aucas in making moral choices led me to the realization that I had sometimes called things sinful which the Bible did not call sinful; and if I had imposed these on the Indians, I would have been guilty of the Pharisees’ sin of laying burdens too heavy to be borne.

It may take a new kind of courage for us to believe that God must interpret His Word to His people. We may find ourselves on the wrong side of some man-made fences, but this is part of the risk of following Him without reservation, of doing the truth, and of unconditionally committing our case to God.

The Liberty of Obedience

In 1958, less than three years after her husband had been killed in an attempt to preach the gospel in the rainforest of Ecuador, Elisabeth Elliot went to live with the Huaorani people (whom her husband was attempting to reach) with her three-year-old daughter.

In 1968 she published a short book of reflections on her couple of years with the Huaorani entitled The Liberty of Obedience. I read through this fascinating book again when I was studying for our recent series on finding the will of God for our lives.

Over the next week I’m going to post a series of thoughts on the Christian life from the book. Her time with the Huaorani (whom she refers to as the Aucas)gave her a unique perspective, especially as it bears on the Christian life we’re all called to live, which was hammered out as a 20-something American among people from a very different context.

To start, here’s a few excerpts from her preface:

Many people, in their late twenties and early thirties, discover that life is getting more and more complicated.

For me it was getting simpler and simpler.

I was living with Indians in the forest of Ecuador, and was trying very hard to get down to the root of things because it seemed to me that that was where Indians lived. This process had of course its own complications for me–‘simple’ cooking over a ‘simple’ wood fire can sometimes be more difficult than fancy cooking on an electric stove–but in matters of importance the direction of my thinking was toward the bare or simple truth. I was for some years almost wholly out of touch with all that had been familiar, and I had therefore a chance to look at it from a long way off, to question and compare.

The tribe that gave me the best chance to do this had been called ‘savage.’ They were the Aucas, who by reputation were also ‘primitive,’ godless,’ ‘Stone Age’ people. They themselves gave me excellent reason to question the accuracy of these terms. They were wonderful people–generous and kind from the very first night of our arrival; capable and intelligent when you saw them in their jungle environment (where white men looked anything but capable and intelligent); amenable (almost touchingly so) to any suggestion from us; eagerly interested in all that we did or said; a people who shared lavishly all they had and were, a people who laughed uproariously most of the time when they were together, and who worked hard when they were apart (for they did their hunting and planting usually alone).

I found them easy to love.

It was these very qualities that nettled me. They simply did not fit my idea of savagery. What, then, did civilization mean? Was it merely an efficient method of complicating things?”…

Of changes among these people which could be directly attributed to the power of the Word of Christ I could not honestly say that I knew very much. It seemed to me that this must be a hidden matter of the heart which God alone could rightly assess. I wondered, of course, what sort of visible change I might look for if the Word were being spoken (as, in the last analysis, it can only be spoken) by the Spirit of God. Jesus had said that men can be known by their fruits. I knew the fruits commonly expected by those who had never tried what I was doing. But I could not be satisfied that the changes I was seeing were true fruits. Oddly enough, they were too ‘simple.’

Then I began to ask if I were making things complicated.

My confusion drove me to the admission that I had not as many answers as I had thought. God kept back some of the ones I wanted, and had other things to say to me. I listened. I studied the Bible, prayed, and thought…Why was I here? To ‘serve the Lord,’ of course. But what a reply! What an awesome task I had assumed. How was I to do it? What did it mean?”…

I saw the Indians live in a harmony which far surpassed anything I had seen among those who call themselves Christians. I found that even their killing had at least as valid reasons as the wars in which my people engaged. ‘By their fruits…’

Could I really offer them a better way? Jesus said, ‘I am the Way.’ He, therefore, was the one responsible to show what it was for them. I was merely His representative, and I had better be very sure I knew what He did actually say about the questions of conduct and service, for it was to Him above all others that I must give account.

In an attempt to find out, and to sort out my own convictions and give clear expression to them, I studied the New Testament and especially the Epistles of Paul. What I found seemed to me to be important not only for me in that unusual place, but for Christians everywhere, so I wrote for The Sunday School Times the series of brief articles which is reprinted here. In the six years since I left that particular thatched house, I have been questioned and sometimes challenged on these matters. Each time my answer has been along the lines written during those days in Tewaenon.

But it was my husband who first taught me to question and examine, and then to act on what one believes. He first showed me what liberty in Christ means. Perhaps now, many years after his death, I am beginning to grasp things he understood. He glimpsed, I think, something of the largeness of God’s heart and wanted to show it to others.

Ten Facts to Remember

I’ve posted material from Dr. Michael Kruger several times on this blog. (For instance, check out this post for a lot of info.) He’s the author of my favorite book on the formation of the New Testament: Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament Books

He recently completed blogging through a series that’s helpful for any of us who want to be able to know and speak about the way our New Testament came together. Each of the post titles below link to the post on Dr. Kruger’s website. Check it out…

Ten Basic Facts About the NT Canon that Every Christian Should Memorize

  1. “The New Testament Books are the Earliest Christian Writings We Possess”
  2. “Apocryphal Writings Are All Written in the Second Century or Later”
  3. “The New Testament Books Are Unique Because They Are Apostolic Books”
  4. “Some NT Writers Quote Other NT Writers as Scripture”
  5. “The Four Gospels are Well Established by the End of the Second Century”
  6. “At the End of the Second Century, the Muratorian Fragment lists 22 of Our 27 NT Books”
  7. “Early Christians Often Used Non-Canonical Writings”
  8. “The NT Canon Was Not Decided at Nicea—Nor Any Other Church Council”
  9. “Christians  Did Disagree about the Canonicity of Some NT Books”
  10. “Early Christians Believed that Canonical Books Were Self-Authenticating”

Orientation and Repentance: Notes from Last Night

slider_orientation

Last night we began our discussion on some of the pressing issues in our day by looking at the bible’s concept of orientation, and how the issue of repentance figures into the discussion. Here are the notes:

Orientation and the Scriptures

The Current Idea of Orientation: An attempted definition: Orientation is how you are, and feel, in the deepest part of you. It’s the things you like; it’s the ways you think and feel. Things inside of you can’t change, or at least can’t easily change, even if you try hard. It’s probably a way you were born.

Since, today, this word mostly makes us  think of sexual orientation, here’s a definition of that: “Sexual orientation refers to an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes. Sexual orientation also refers to a person’s sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions.” – www.apa.org

1. Does the Bible agree with this way of seeing things? Yes.

The Bible’s View of Orientation.
The bible has an idea of orientation stretches beyond sexuality in general. It is actually a “big” idea, and is helpful for thinking about who we are in total as human beings, at least with regards to our inner life and our deepest beings.

But in the Bible, instead of using the word we currently use–orientation–the word that is used for this big concept is the word “heart.”

Proverbs 4:23  “Guard your heart with all diligence, for out of it flow the issues of life.”

This word—“Heart is the most important anthropological term in the Old Testament, but the English language has no equivalent. It occurs…858 times in the OT….No other English word combines the complex interplay of intellect, sensibility and will…The heart feels all modes of desire, from the lowest physical forms, such as hunger and thirst, to the highest, spiritual forms, like reverence and remorse…[The] direction or bent of the heart determines its decisions and thus the person’s actions.” [– Bruce Waltke on Proverbs 4:23]

 “‘Heart’ is the term most commonly used in biblical literature for the essential personality. Whereas in English ‘heart’ tends to connote emotion, in both Hebrew and Greek it conveys equally, and perhaps more strongly, the spiritual and intellectual processes, including the will. It refers to what makes people what they really are, their individuality.”  [R.T. France on Mark 7:19]

We see the same thing in the New Testament: Mark 7:14-23. It is from the heart that the actions of life flow.

Three observations:

  1. The bible describes human beings as being characterized by an inward bent of feelings, desires, preferences, and thoughts. It is what we’d call an “orientation.” Sexual orientation, as a description of your sexual feelings, desires, and preferences, is part of your overall orientation.
  2. This heart, this orientation is something that is innate to us, and starts when we’re small and slowly works its way out as we grow older. (Proverbs 22:15)
  3. This orientation is responsible for our actions.

2. Question: Does the fact that we are a certain way, or that our hearts are a certain way, mean that God is OK with us? Does God approve or disapprove of our heart, or orientation, as it is?

Our Culture’s view: If you are a certain way, if you have a certain orientation, it is good and right that you live out that orientation, and it is good for you to be freed up to pursue your happiness according to this inner orientation. Since this is the way things are, we must realize that God made things this way, and therefore he does not disapprove of someone acting out of their deepest desires and innermost being. What matters is that we love each other by freeing each other up to find positive ways to live out this orientation in a culture free from oppression.

Taking these things all together, the issue that has raised itself up in our culture is this:

Are we as human beings basically acceptable to God, or does He require some fundamental change before he accepts us? 

Scripture’s view:  The vast majority of verses (and there are many) which speak of human orientation (the human “heart”) are not positive, or even neutral (like Proverbs 4:23), but negative: See, for instance, Gen 6:5-6, Gen 8:21, Deut 29:14-20, Psalm 81:8-13, Jer 11:8, Jer 18:11-12, Jer 17:9, Eph 2:1-3, Heb 3:10-13, Eph 4:17-19, and especially Romans 3:10-20.

3. Answer: Scripture presents a picture of a humanity who is fundamentally bent away from God, and displeases and dishonors him because they act on their orientation.

This explains a fundamental word for understanding all of the Bible, and a main word in Jesus teaching: “Repent.” See Matthew 4:17, and Luke 13:3, Mark 1:15, Mark 6:12, Acts 17:30, 2 Peter 3:9

For a picture about what the mental and emotional state of repentance looks like, see Psalm 51:1-10.

4. Sum up and Challenge:

A big question: How do we know that any part of our orientation should be encouraged or lived out? The bible says we have the capacity to deceive ourselves, and we often do.

Non-Believers: See 1 John 4:9  God’s love to humanity is extended in finding us helpless as we are, but providing the way for us to be freed and given life eternally. See Luke 24:46-48.  Anything or anyone who tells you not to repent keeps you from God’s love, and blocks the door to eternal life. They don’t speak for Christ, and they aren’t on your side. Don’t listen to those who have no weight or authority to their words. Listen to the love of God speaking to you.

Christians: First, be Bereans. (Acts 17:11) Study the scriptures to see what’s true. Second, let’s confess and turn away from our sins as well. We can’t preach repentance and freedom from sin if we are entangled in the very same things.

God’s Will and Our Wills: Notes from Last Night

Another good night in the park last night. Here’s the outline from the study…

Finding God’s Will / Study 5 / Our Wills and God’s Will

Four Perspectives on the Connection

John 8:31-32   If you continue in my word, you’ll be my disciples, and you will know the truth…

Psalm 25:8-12  Fearing God gets you taught by God

Romans 1:9-12   We can pray for what we want as we seek to discern God’s will

God’s will doesn’t cancel out Paul’s will. Paul saw room in God’s will for what he wanted. Or, Paul saw that his will and God’s could work together. Once the destiny was decided, Paul had freedom to be Paul. Paul feels submitted to God’s will, but he doesn’t feel God’s will to be oppressive.

John 7:17    If you will to do God’s will, you will know.

  • Jesus is teaching about our ability to know whether he is genuine, or a fake.
  • He says the ability to know depends on whether or not someone wants to do God’s will.
  • in other words…Our desires can determine our capacity for knowledge
  • You can’t figure God out, or study his will, apart from wanting to do what he wants.
  • So God is really there, and he is just who he is, apart from us. And he is personal. We must allow him to be himself, and we must want to be connected to him, in order to know things about him.
  • …the same goes for knowing his will.
  • We must refocus our quest onto knowing God, and what he wants….

Cultural Notes from Croatia

“Fun Fact: Did you know that in Croatian culture, you give to others on your birthday?”

That’s how the Spector’s begin their latest blog post, chronicling their life as missionaries in Croatia. They continue:

“For example if you find yourself celebrating in a restaurant or a cafe with friends, you will be fully expected to pay for everyone. Or if someone happens to spontaneously stop by your house on your special day to wish you good tidings, there better be some cake in your fridge to serve them. Of course, you’ll end up receiving a few gifts yourself, such as chocolate, a book, homemade cookies or perhaps even a miniature vintage car, etc. These are just a few of the gifts we’ve accumulated from the two birthdays we’ve celebrated in Čakovec. Notice the amazing cultural emphasis on giving, rather than receiving. But, the purpose of this rather odd introduction is to portray the beauty of the culture in which we live. We dove headlong into studying this way of life, mindset, complex set of unspoken social rules which must be learned and must become a part of us if we desire to be used of the Lord in Croatia, and it doesn’t seem likely that we’ll ever emerge. Language and culture go hand in hand, and the deeper we go with one, the deeper we go with the other. We continue to meet with our language tutor twice a week, which is extremely helpful, but recently, we’ve found that being with people, practicing speaking, and listening to topics of conversation, have provided even greater lessons. Being with people as much as we possibly can and building wonderful, lifelong friendships is the current goal, and not a bad one in the least!”

If you haven’t checked out their work yet, see their blog at http://thespectors.wordpress.com/.

“The most important thing about us.”

tozer_knowledge_of_the_holyIf you’ve never read A.W. Tozer’s book The Knowledge of the Holy, you really should. It’s one of the deepest (about) 100-page books you’ll ever pick up. In 23 short chapters (perfect for morning devotions) Tozer unpacks God’s attributes, to help us “think rightly” about God. I kept thinking about the first chapter when I was preparing for Monday night’s study. So I found it online (you can get it, and the whole book, for free, online here.) Enjoy…

Why We Must Think Rightly About God

What comes into our minds when we think about God is the most important thing about us.

The history of mankind will probably show that no people has ever risen above its religion, and man’s spiritual history will positively demonstrate that no religion has ever been greater than its idea of God. Worship is pure or base as the worshiper entertains high or low thoughts of God.

For this reason the gravest question before the Church is always God Himself, and the most portentous fact about any man is not what he at a given time may say or do, but what he in his deep heart conceives God to be like. We tend by a secret law of the soul to move toward our mental image of God. This is true not only of the individual Christian, but of the company of Christians that composes the Church. Always the most revealing thing about the Church is her idea of God, just as her most significant message is what she says about Him or leaves unsaid, for her silence is often more eloquent than her speech. She can never escape the self-disclosure of her witness concerning God.

Were we able to extract from any man a complete answer to the question, “What comes into your mind when you think about God?” we might predict with certainty the spiritual future of that man. Were we able to know exactly what our most influential religious leaders think of God today, we might be able with some precision to foretell where the Church will stand tomorrow. Without doubt, the mightiest thought the mind can entertain is the thought of God, and the weightiest word in any language is its word for God. Thought and speech are God’s gifts to creatures made in His image; these are intimately associated with Him and impossible apart from Him. It is highly significant that the first word was the Word: “And the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” We may speak because God spoke. In Him word and idea are indivisible.

That our idea of God corresponds as nearly as possible to the true being of God is of immense importance to us. Compared with our actual thoughts about Him, our creedal statements are of little consequence. Our real idea of God may lie buried under the rubbish of conventional religious notions and may require an intelligent and vigorous search before it is finally unearthed and exposed for what it is. Only after an ordeal of painful self-probing are we likely to discover what we actually believe about God. A right conception of God is basic not only to systematic theology but to practical Christian living as well. It is to worship what the foundation is to the temple; where it is inadequate or out of plumb the whole structure must sooner or later collapse. I believe there is scarcely an error in doctrine or a failure in applying Christian ethics that cannot be traced finally to imperfect and ignoble thoughts about God.

It is my opinion that the Christian conception of God current in these middle years of the twentieth century is so decadent as to be utterly beneath the dignity of the Most High God and actually to constitute for professed believers something amounting to a moral calamity.

All the problems of heaven and earth, though they were to confront us together and at once, would be nothing compared with the overwhelming problem of God: That He is; what He is like; and what we as moral beings must do about Him.

The man who comes to a right belief about God is relieved of ten thousand temporal problems, for he sees at once that these have to do with matters which at the most cannot concern him for very long; but even if the multiple burdens of time may be lifted from him, the one mighty single burden of eternity begins to press down upon him with a weight more crushing than all the woes of the world piled one upon another. That mighty burden is his obligation to God. It includes an instant and lifelong duty to love God with every power of mind and soul, to obey Him perfectly, and to worship Him acceptably. And when the man’s laboring conscience tells him that he has done none of these things, but has from childhood been guilty of foul revolt against the Majesty in the heavens, the inner pressure of self-accusation may become too heavy to bear.

The gospel can lift this destroying burden from the mind, give beauty for ashes, and the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness. But unless the weight of the burden is felt the gospel can mean nothing to the man; and until he sees a vision of God high and lifted up, there will be no woe and no burden. Low views of God destroy the gospel for all who hold them.

Among the sins to which the human heart is prone, hardly any other is more hateful to God than idolatry, for idolatry is at bottom a libel on His character. The idolatrous heart assumes that God is other than He is – in itself a monstrous sin – and substitutes for the true God one made after its own likeness. Always this God will conform to the image of the one who created it and will be base or pure, cruel or kind, according to the moral state of the mind from which it emerges.

A god begotten in the shadows of a fallen heart will quite naturally be no true likeness of the true God. “Thou thoughtest,” said the Lord to the wicked man in the psalm, “that I was altogether such as one as thyself.” Surely this must be a serious affront to the Most High God before whom cherubim and seraphim continually do cry, “Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Sabaoth.”

Let us beware lest we in our pride accept the erroneous notion that idolatry consists only in kneeling before visible objects of adoration, and that civilized peoples are therefore free from it. The essence of idolatry is the entertainment of thoughts about God that are unworthy of Him. It begins in the mind and may be present where no overt act of worship has taken place.

”When they knew God,” wrote Paul, “they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened.” Then followed the worship of idols fashioned after the likeness of men and birds and beasts and creeping things. But this series of degrading acts began in the mind. Wrong ideas about God are not only the fountain from which the polluted waters of idolatry flow; they are themselves idolatrous. The idolater simply imagines things about God and acts as if they were true.

Perverted notions about God soon rot the religion in which they appear. The long career of Israel demonstrates this clearly enough, and the history of the Church confirms it. So necessary to the Church is a lofty concept of God that when that concept in any measure declines, the Church with her worship and her moral standards declines along with it.

The first step down for any church is taken when it surrenders its high opinion of God. Before the Christian Church goes into eclipse anywhere there must first be a corrupting of her simple basic theology. She simply gets a wrong answer to the question, “What is God like?” and goes on from there. Though she may continue to cling to a sound nominal creed, her practical working creed has become false. The masses of her adherents come to believe that God is different from what He actually is; and that is heresy of the most insidious and deadly kind.

The heaviest obligation lying upon the Christian Church today is to purify and elevate her concept of God until it is once more worthy of Him – and of her. In all her prayers and labors this should have first place. We do the greatest service to the next generation of Christians by passing on to them undimmed and undiminished that noble concept of God which we received from our Hebrew and Christian fathers of generations past. This will prove of greater value to them than anything that art or science can devise.

Finding God’s will by knowing what He’s like: Notes from last night

Last night we continued our study in finding God’s will for our lives…

Finding God’s Will / Study 5 / Knowing What God’s Like

Two examples of getting it wrong

1. “He’s just like us.” 

Psalm 50:16-21

  • It is totally possible for us as humans to go on living, thinking God’s cool with us because He’s like us, and He’s not.
  • Non-believers: this is clearly a major mistake. It’s basing your life on a fantasy.
  • Believers: the danger here is that we’d be people who assume things about God, and therefore not be walking in God’s will, and live lives far below what He called us to.

Isaiah 55:6-11

  • We must assume that we don’t start out thinking like God. He is different, and way higher than we are.
  • Repentance is the first step towards beginning to get on God’s wavelength.
  • Our main problem is not even that we aren’t smart enough, it’s that we’re morally bad.
  • Non-believers: God calls you back to himself. In Jesus, he’s made a way for repentance.
  • Believers: We must always check our thoughts against God’s word. It alone is effective.

2. The Hard Master

Matthew 25:14-30

v.14-19   This is where we are in history: Jesus has come and gone, we have work to do, He gives us resources

v.20-23   There will be an accounting! Everything we’ve done with what He gives matters.

v.24        The Servant’s wrong view of the master:

  1. A hard man.” — i.e. “You’re a rough, cold, demanding master.”
  2. “Reaping where you have not sowed.” – i.e. “ you want to do no work and get things in return…you want us to do everything while you do nothing.”
  3. “I know”  He thought he knew what the Master was like. Why? What evidence did he have?

v.25     Harmful outcomes and wrong decisions based on wrong thinking:

  1. “I was afraid.”  Why? Maybe because he only got one? And he had wrong views of Master… So his feelings about God were based on a wrong picture of God. They weren’t reliable.
  2. “I hid your talent” His wrong thoughts led to wrong feelings which led to wrong decisions. (which didn’t even make sense in light of what he thought he knew…)

The Point of Parable: God is not hard, but generous. He gives everything and then rewards us. (See Luke 12:29-37 This is who God is…) To think otherwise: is unbelief; will cause your life to be pointless.

How to think rightly about GodEmbark on the lifelong journey of letting Him describe Himself to you, by giving yourself to know His word, by living a life of persevering obedience to Him, and by trusting what He says even over your own thoughts. Develop a mental reflex of finding out, understanding, remembering, and believing God’s thoughts. Get to know God. Then we will be able to understand what He wants, because we actually know Him. Make your decisions based on true knowledge of God.

The Trinity: On Our Side

Here’s a morning thought on how God is fully committed to our good:

The Father is God for us.
The Son is God with us.
The Spirit is God in us.

Think about it!